Krishna defines knowledge in the mode of ignorance (tāmasam). This is a state where a person becomes obsessively attached (saktam) to one single, narrow type of work or concept, treating it as if it were the entire universe (kṛtsna-vad ekasmin kārye). This type of 'knowledge' is completely irrational and without cause/logic (ahaitukam). It is entirely divorced from the actual truth (atattvārtha-vad) and is incredibly meager, narrow, and limited in scope (alpaṁ).