Knowledge in the mode of passion (rājasam) is fundamentally fractured. It is the type of perception (yaj jñānaṁ) that views every living entity as completely separate and inherently different from one another (pṛthaktvena). Instead of seeing the unified spirit, it perceives only the myriad of different bodily forms and mentalities (nānā-bhāvān pṛthag-vidhān) across all living beings (sarveṣu bhūteṣu).