Krishna adds extreme detail to the cosmic tree. The branches spread everywhere (upward to heavenly planets, downward to animal and hellish species). What acts as water to nourish this massive tree? The three gunas (modes of nature). The twigs at the very ends of the branches are the sense objects (sound, form, touch). Furthermore, while the main root is at the top (God), there are secondary roots extending downward (adhaś ca mūlāny), which are firmly bound and tangled in the karmic, fruitive actions of human society (karmānubandhīni manuṣya-loke).